Newcastle disease as an emerging disease in peacocks of Tharparker, Pakistan.

Viral nervous necrosis (VNN) an emerging disease caused by Nodaviridae in aquatic hosts: Diagnosis, control and prevention: A review

Betanodavirus is one of the two genera making up the family Nodaviridae and is the etiological agent of viral nervous necrosis (VNN, also known as viral encephalopathy and retinopathy or VER). The virus infects a large range of host species in more than 50 species of marine and freshwater fish worldwide from different geographical areas and the known host range continues to expand as new specie...

Development and Manufacture of an Inactive Oil Emulsion Newcastle Disease Vaccine in Iran

3rd Pakistan International Biennial Conference on Ramadan and Health

During recent years, there has been an emerging, upward trend in research and publication of studies on the effects of Ramadan fasting on the healthy population as well as on the populace diagnosed with various diseases and conditions. To publicize the outcomes of these research works, many awareness programs, symposia and conferences are being organized globally. International coordination gro...

Immunogenicity of commercial, formaldehyde and binary ethylenimine inactivated Newcastle disease virus vaccines in specific pathogen free chickens

Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the most important diseases that affect birds; the epizootic nature of the disease has caused severe economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. In this experiment ND virus (NDV) was inactivated by two different chemicals binary ethylenimine (BEI) and formaldehyde. Formaldehyde was used at 0.1%, while BEI was used at concentrations of 1 to 4 mM. NDV inact...

Evaluation of maternal antibody levels for establishing the vaccination program against Newcastle disease in ostrich chicks

  Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is known as one of the most important endemic viral pathogen for various avian species such as ostrich, in Iran. Therefore, establishing a routine vaccination program against ND in ostrich flocks would be useful in order to reduce the danger of this infection. Newcastle disease occurs among the ostriches and leads to high rate of mortality while most of the losse...